Does my iddah start when he died, or when I found out?
In all four schools your iddah starts at his death, not on the day the news reached you.1234 The days that passed before you knew still count. One report from Imam Aḥmad counts from the day the news came when there is no clear proof of when he died.4
What the four schools say
All four schools count the iddah from the death itself, even if she learned of it later. A single report from Aḥmad differs when the time of death has no clear proof.
-
Ḥanafī الحنفية
The iddah begins immediately after the death, and it ends even if she did not know of it, because it is a term and knowing that it is passing is not a condition.1
-
Mālikī المالكية
Mālik was asked whether a widow counts from the day the news reaches her or from the day he died, and said: from the day he died. If the news reached her only after her iddah had ended, she owes no mourning.2
-
Shāfiʿī الشافعية
If the news of her husband’s death reached her after four months and ten days had passed, her iddah had already ended.3
-
Ḥanbalī الحنابلة
Her iddah runs from the day he died, once that is established for her, even if she did not keep the mourning in that time; this is the well-known position of the school. A report from Aḥmad says that without clear proof (bayyinah) it runs from the day the news reaches her.4
What can change this
Sources
- 1
Ibn ʿĀbidīn, Radd al-Muḥtār ʿalā al-Durr al-Mukhtār (Ḥanafī), Ḥalabī ed., 3:520
- 2
Saḥnūn, al-Mudawwanah (Mālikī; Mālik’s answers as reported by Ibn al-Qāsim), 2:12
- 3
al-Nawawī, Rawḍat al-Ṭālibīn (Shāfiʿī), 8:407–408
- 4
Ibn Qudāmah, al-Mughnī (Ḥanbalī), Maktabat al-Qāhirah ed., 8:170