I lost a pregnancy after the divorce. Does that end my iddah, or do I keep counting?
When a pregnancy is lost after the divorce and what was lost already showed human form, the iddah ends with that event; the scholars agree on this.12 For an earlier loss, before any form showed, the schools differ, and some of them turn to what trustworthy midwives could see.34
What the four schools say
The schools agree that a loss in which human form showed ends the iddah. They differ on an earlier loss: whether a clot, or a lump of flesh with no visible form, counts.
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Ḥanafī الحنفية
The pregnancy whose end closes the iddah is one in which some or all of the human form has become distinct; if none of it has, the iddah does not end by it.5
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Mālikī المالكية
The iddah of a pregnant woman is the delivery of all of the pregnancy, even if what she carried was gathered blood; the sign given is that it does not dissolve when hot water is poured on it.6
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Shāfiʿī الشافعية
It ends with a stillbirth, not with a clot (ʿalaqah). It ends with a lump of flesh in which midwives report a hidden human form, and, on the relied-upon view of the school, also when there is no form but they say it is the beginning of a human being.3
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Ḥanbalī الحنابلة
A loss in which something of human form shows ends the iddah, without disagreement.1 If trustworthy midwives see a hidden form in it, it ends; if there is no form, even if they say it is the beginning of a human being, it does not, and nothing earlier than that ends it.4
What can change this
- This page is about a loss. A full delivery ends the iddah in every school: "for those who are pregnant, their term is until they give birth."2
- If the loss did not end the iddah under the view your imam follows, ask him how to keep counting from there; this page does not count for you.
Sources
- 1
Ibn Qudāmah, al-Mughnī (Ḥanbalī), 8:119–120
- 2
Qurʾān, al-Ṭalāq 65:4
- 3
al-Nawawī, Minhāj al-Ṭālibīn (Shāfiʿī), p. 254
- 4
al-Buhūtī, Kashshāf al-Qināʿ ʿan Matn al-Iqnāʿ (Ḥanbalī), 5:413
- 5
Ibn ʿĀbidīn, Radd al-Muḥtār ʿalā al-Durr al-Mukhtār (Ḥanafī), 3:511
- 6
al-Dardīr, al-Sharḥ al-Kabīr ʿalā Mukhtaṣar Khalīl, with Ḥāshiyat al-Dasūqī (Mālikī), 2:474